Capetian king of France, born on 25 April 1214 in Poissy and died on 25 August 1270 in Carthage. He reigned for more than 43 years, from 1226 until his death. At the age of twenty, he married Marguerite de Provence. He left to deliver the Holy Land in 1248 and was taken prisoner. Once freed and back in his kingdom, he undertook major reforms. He founded hospitals and monasteries, and had the Sainte-Chapelle built to house relics, especially the Crown of Thorns, which he had acquired from the Latin emperor of Constantinople. He gave his sister Isabelle the land at Longchamp to found an abbey for the nuns of Sainte-Claire. With Robert of Sorbon, he founded the Sorbonne in 1257. He wanted to return to the Holy Land, but his route ended in Carthage. He died there from illness on 25 August 1270.
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